Results that are outside the laboratorys established reference intervals may be considered abnormal, but the terms abnormal and critical should not be used interchangeably. See individual test pages in the test directory for reference ranges. Daviss comprehensive manual of laboratory and diagnostic tests with. The online database is useful to both laboratory professionals and physicians as it provides immediate access to accurate reference intervals for over 170 blood tests used in paediatric diagnostic care. For example, hemoglobin reference ranges should be established by gender and age while cortisol ranges should be subdivided by the time of day. At dynacare, our vision is to be canadas health and wellness solutions leader. This classic clinical chemistry reference offers encyclopedic coverage detailing everything you need to know, including.
The reference intervals for certain analytes are different in heparinized plasma compared to serum notably potassium, total. As a student who barely reads any of her texts, that is a high compliment. Diagnostic and laboratory tests are tools that provide invaluable insights and information about the patient. Reference intervals are essential for clinical laboratory test interpretation and patient care. How to reference a lab manual in apa format pen and the pad. Cbc and automated differential and reticulocyte parameters. It is a great reference book and would be an excellent tool when initially learning about the tests as well.
Normal reference ranges and laboratory values in pregnancy. These intervals were derived for serum samples only. Some physicians or units may decline communication of critical values. We have reference intervals for hematology and chemistry for dogs, cats, horses, cattle, goats and alpacas. In these cases, written documentation must be produced for the laboratory to comply with this request. Reference values vary based on several factors, including the demographics of the healthy population from which specimens. Once the puncture has been performed or the line specimen drawn, immediately remove all air from the syringe.
Appendix b selected normal pediatric laboratory values 1449 growth hormone s2 after infancy fasting specimen. Rittenhouse book distributors book detail 9780803674950. A complete blood count cbc is a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders, including anemia, infection and leukemia. Blood testing is a cornerstone component of any antiaging program. The tietz textbook of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics, 6th edition provides the most current and authoritative guidance on selecting, performing, and evaluating the results of new and established laboratory tests. All csmls certification exam answers are referenced to one or more textbooks from the reference textbook list. Ideally, reference ranges provide the expected range of values for a healthy population. Lab tests are used to help confirm a diagnosis, monitor an illness, and the patients response to treatment.
If youre writing a lab report for a science class and find that you need to quote or paraphrase information from another source, its important to cite the source properly. How reference ranges determine a normal lab test result. Mosbys diagnostic and laboratory test reference 7th edition. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry and molecular. But reference intervals, the ranges of values for a laboratory test that are associated with defined states of health, are not a trivial subject. Mosbys diagnostic and laboratory test reference, 14th. A reference range is a set of values that includes upper and lower limits of a lab test based on a group of otherwise healthy people. Learn how reference range is determined for laboratory tests. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics. In this section of the nclexrn examination, you will be expected to demonstrate your knowledge and skills of laboratory values in order to. Complete blood count cbc reference intervals are important to diagnose diseases, screen blood donors, and assess overall health. Follow the links below to the caliper online database andor mobile app to find graphs and tables outlining reference intervals available to date.
Insert the name of the issuer of the manual, such as a company, a college department or an instructors surname. Add a comma and then list the publication year, such as. Blood test results with normal range reference chart. Reference ranges and what they mean private md labs. Lab values and their meanings acknowledgement the lpn lab values manual was first compiled in response to a lack of information in the form of a quick reference manual for licensed practical nurses in 2008. Methods for estimating them are expensive, difficult to perform, often inaccurate, and nonreproducible. When your body is in homeostasis, the values for fluids, chemicals and secretions hormones are within an acceptable or normal range. Laboratory tests reference ranges 1,25dihydroxyvitamin d 1,25dihydroxycholecalciferol, serum see vitamin d metabolites 17hydroxyprogesterone, serum female, follicular. Home reference normal reference ranges for lab values. Hormone test units conventional reference range for women optimal range for women cortisol serum. The labs base their reference ranges on the results of all the blood samples each particular lab has tested. V alues are reference values from texas children s hospital clinical laboratory, current as of august 2011.
Establishing reference intervals for clinical laboratory test. Reference ranges and what they mean lab tests online. The following reference materials appear in stedmans medical dictionary. Laboratory test reference ranges see individual test pages in the apl test directory for chemistry and hematology reference ranges. Get the latest research and easy access to todays most important diagnostic and lab tests. Clinical laboratory reference values laboratory medicine. These are great for looking up what value ranges are and what the test results may mean, however remember that each lab will have their own reference range. Reference ranges and what they mean the normal or reference range in reference to a lab test, what does out of the normal range actually mean. Saunders nursing guide to laboratory and diagnostic tests.
A complete blood count test measures several components and features of your blood, including. Feb 25, 2020 use the drop down menu below to jump to a specific section. However, there are several problems with the standard lab references listed on the blood test results you andor your doctor will receive from any lab. All reference ranges are for use within the saskatoon health region. Through novel knowledge translation initiatives, the caliper reference interval database has been made freely available online.
Reference intervals are validated and updated periodically, and vary from method to method. Ranges accompanying patient results should be deemed to be correct. For this reason, these values must be communicated to the attending physician immediately. Heres the one place to look for normal values and related needtoknow data. Laboratory test reference ranges laboratory service calgary. Mosbys canadian manual of diagnostic and laboratory tests e book.
Anaerobically collect blood into a heparinized blood gas syringe see container. The new reference range values for pediatric care brings all the most vital range data plus diverse clinical evaluation and calculation tools. Pediatric reference intervals, fifth ed, aacc press. What is the current state of reference intervals in canada. Every hospital determines the blood test reference range by measuring a large amount of patients within their region. All practitioners are urged to consult the normal laboratory values for their local laboratory, as these may differ from those listed below. Reference ranges vary depending on the instrument and the reagents used to perform the test.
Featuring the latest testing information organized alphabetically for quick reference, this resource offers test formats that emphasize the nurses specific role in all aspects of the testing process. Aug 24, 2018 all reference ranges are for use within the saskatoon health region. The following reference intervals have been established for the cobas 501 chemistry analyzer in the clinical pathology laboratory at cornell university, and went into effect on november 20th 2017. Reference values vary based on several factors, including the demographics of the healthy population from which specimens were obtained and the specific methods andor. The reference ranges published here are for research purposes only. Invalid ones can lead to patients being taken off medication when they shouldnt, being discharged too early, or to other negative outcomes. The new reference range values for pediatric care brings all the most vital range data plus diverse clinical evaluation and calculation tools all. Hemoglobin, the oxygencarrying protein in red blood cells. Many important laboratory reference values are not listed here, because of the less frequent use of these tests. Now you no longer have to search through multiple resources for reference ranges and other critical values you need to optimize patient assessment and management. Reference values vary based on several factors, including the demographics of. Each laboratory report will append the applicable reference range to each test result.
As part of our commitment and continuous efforts to enhance testing and support patient care, dynacare will be modifying reference ranges for the parameter provided for complete blood counts cbcs on july 17th, 2017. Knowing the different normal lab values is an important step in making an informed clinical decision as a nurse. This book titled cardiovascular care made easy is an excellent book on cardiac nursing. See individual test pages in the apl test directory for chemistry and hematology reference ranges.
Vancouver island reference ranges reference range intervals from our vancouver island reference laboratory. If you mention the issuer in text, omit the name from. Reference ranges section hcp reference ranges page. You must cite basic information about the source within the text to let the reader know that youre borrowing from the another authors work. Reference values vary based on several factors, including the demographics of the healthy population from which specimens were obtained and the specific. Critical values are test results that are so abnormal that they generally indicate severe illness and require immediate medical intervention. Daviss comprehensive handbook of laboratory and diagnostic. Use the drop down menu below to jump to a specific section. Lab tests, along with a health history and physical exam, are used to diagnose and manage health conditions.
The provision of safe, efficient and competent care was the catalyst to offer a quick resource tool that would assist nurses in. The results of the test will show if a person is within the normal lab values. Article pdf available in clinical chemistry and laboratory. Hematology reference intervals alberta health services. Laboratory test reference ranges canadian laboratory services. They are also advised to continually check for updated normal ranges. Access mclendon clinical laboratory tests cbc reference ranges. Because most blood test reference ranges often referred to as normal ranges of blood test results are typically defined as the range of values of the median 95% of the healthy population, it is unlikely that a given blood sample, even from a healthy patient, will show normal values for every blood test taken. Cliacertified testing laboratories such as zrt are required to provide reference ranges as an aid to interpretation of test results. The brief answer is that a result out of the normal range signals the need for further investigation or at least further explanation. Reference ranges for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry also known as clinical biochemistry, chemical pathology or pure blood chemistry, the area of pathology that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily fluids. Some testing areas may wish to phone some abnormal results, and these discretionary decisions have not been built into the critical value list. When methodology and equipment is identical for testing a particular analyte among different laboratories, reference ranges for that analyte should be.
Which book is the best for lab reference values when at. Ranges accompanying patient results should be deemed to. Each commercial laboratory has its own set of normal values, called normal range or reference range on your lab report. The canadian laboratory initiative on pediatric reference intervals. Identify laboratory values for abgs ph, po2, pco2, sao2, hco3, bun, cholesterol total glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin, glycosylated. Reference range values for pediatric care aap ebooks. Complete blood count reference intervals for healthy han.
By comparing your test results with reference values, you and your healthcare provider can see if any of your test results fall outside the range of expected values and gain clues to help identify possible conditions or diseases. Saunders nursing guide to laboratory and diagnostic tests, 2nd edition is the perfect guide to laboratory testing for both students and practicing nurses alike. Normal laboratory values etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs. Lower mainland reference ranges reference range intervals from our burnaby refererence laboratory. Nov 02, 2004 mosbys diagnostic and laboratory test reference 7th edition kathleen deska pagana, timothy j. When your body is healthy it functions normally in a state of homeostasis or equilibrium. I use a little book called rn notes that fits in my pocket and has a lot of reference info in it not just lab values. A computerized indirect hoffmann method was studied for accuracy and reproducibility. Access mclendon clinical laboratory tests cbc reference ranges cbc reference ranges, mclendon clinical laboratories unc medical center, hospitals chapel hill, nc skip to content.
A list of reference ranges in pregnancy during pregnancy. Pdf canadian laboratory initiative on pediatric reference interval. Abnormal results are not considered critical values. It will be posted on the lab report, or in the computer. Ahs laboratory services edmonton zone hematology hematology reference intervals rherhj00009mul effective date. Every lab has its own reference range for troponin 1 levels. Pediatric and adult reference interval harmonization in canada. Preanalytical factors may also need to be controlled in order to insure that accurate reference ranges are derived. We have blood gas and electrolyte ranges for dogs, cats, horses and cattle only.
Jul 05, 2016 for example, the childrens health improvement through laboratory diagnostics childx programinitiated by arup laboratories and the university of utah department of pathologyand the canadian laboratory initiative in pediatric reference intervals caliper are two programs seeking to enhance the quality of reference intervals for children. It is a must for anyone in nursing school or any medical profession, even if your program doesnt require it. Oct 18, 2019 knowing the different normal lab values is an important step in making an informed clinical decision as a nurse. The reference values provided in these tables should be used as guidelines only.
Laboratory tests are procedures wherein a sample of blood, urine, other bodily fluid or tissue are checked in order to know more about a persons health. Reference values intervals for blood, urine, csf, stool, and other fluids eg, gastric acid and commonly used panels are included. Reference values intervals for blood, urine, csf, stool, and other fluids eg, gastric. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Laboratory reference ranges december 2016 chemistry g. When you include information from a lab manual in text, put a citation inside parentheses. Normal laboratory values msd manual professional edition. Pathophysiology information that explains why a lab test result is increased or decreased. Nurses are usually the first professionals to draw the labs and to look at the results. Click to view labcorp s list of panic critical values. The study used data collected retrospectively for 5 analytes. Laboratory values see inside back cover for continuation. Reference ranges for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples.
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